流动人口对城市教育服务满意度调查结果的解释

流动人口对城市教育服务满意度调查结果的解释
——政策分析的视角
罗云 胡平

【摘要】本研究是在《北京市基础教育公平满意度指数》课题基础上，对其中流动人口对城市教育服务满意度调查结果所做的更深入的质性探究。

研究表明：当下，在以公立学校为整群抽样对象的相关研究中，不能简单将人口学变量中非北京户籍的测量结果直接推及流动人口总体，调查所得有关流动人口的教育满意度也并不能代表流动人口整体的满意度水平；满意度是一个相对概念，调查中流动人口表现出的高满意度与其低期望值相关，背后的基本事实是流动人口群体长期以来低水平教育资源的获得、平等教育机会的缺乏，以及流动人口作为城市中异乡人、“流浪者”的特殊存在，以致其从身份、符号系统以及相关权利享有上与城市居民区隔的现实；推动流动人口真正城市化、实现社会融合、促进社会和谐是当前的一个重大社会问题，但如何推动和促进？研究认为单纯经济层面帮扶和关照不足以解决问题，更重要的是社会政策应从政治正义层面给予实质性回应。

【关键词】流动人口子女教育；满意度；教育政策目标

On Findings of Migrant Workers’ Urban Education Satisfaction
——A perspective of Policy Analysis

Abstract: The qualitative study, which was developed in light of the project of satisfaction index for Beijing’s foundational education equity, probed into the findings of migrants’ urban education satisfaction. The results showed that the measurements of non-Beijing household registers, which are effective in demographic variables, can not be applied to the floating population as a whole, as well as the migrants’ education satisfaction in this survey to all the migrant workers’. Moreover, the degree of satisfaction is just a relative term since the high satisfaction expressed is closely related to migrant workers’ low-expectation. In fact, it is the difficulty for migrants who are regarded as “aliens” and “vagrants” to obtain high quality education resources and equal opportunities for education that has resulted in the segregation between migrant labors and city-dwellers as to the identification, symbol system and the equal sharing of associated rights. Thus, instead of mere economic support and assistance, substantial social policies, which are grounded in political justice, should be made so as to push forward real urbanization, social integration and harmony.

Key words: Migrant children’s education, the degree of satisfaction, the aim of education policy